A speech disorder is a condition in which a person has problems creating or forming the
speech sounds needed to communicate with others. This can make the child's speech difficult to understand.
Common speech disorders are: Articulation disorders. Phonological disorders.
Tipes:
Language disoder, Articulation disoder, Fluency disoder & Voice disoder.
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Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a developmental disability caused by differences in the
brain. People with ASD often have problems with social communication and interaction, and restricted or
repetitive behaviors or interests. People with ASD may also have different ways of learning, moving, or paying
attention.
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ADHD is one of the most common neurodevelopmental disorders of childhood. It is usually
first diagnosed in childhood and often lasts into adulthood. Children with ADHD may have trouble paying
attention, controlling impulsive behaviors (may act without thinking about what the result will be), or be
overly active.
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A person is said to have hearing impairement if they are not able to hear as well as someone
with normal hearing, meaning hearing thresholds of 20 dB or better in both ears. It can be mild, moderate,
moderately severe, severe or profound, and can affect one or both ears.
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Cerebral palsy (CP) is a group of disorders that affect a person's ability to move and
maintain balance and posture. CP is the most common motor disability in childhood. Cerebral means having to do
with the brain. Palsy means weakness or problems with using the muscles.
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Openings or splits in the roof of the mouth and lip.
Cleft palate is a common birth condition. It can occur alone or as part of a genetic condition or syndrome.
Symptoms arise from the opening in the mouth. They include difficulty speaking and feeding.
Surgery restores normal function with minimal scarring. If required, speech therapy helps correct speaking
difficulties.
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Aphasia is a disorder that affects how you communicate. It can impact your speech, as well
as the way you write and understand both spoken and written language. Aphasia usually happens suddenly after a
stroke or a head injury.
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Dyslexia is a learning disorder that involves difficulty reading due to problems identifying
speech sounds and learning how they relate to letters and words (decoding). Also called a reading disability,
dyslexia is a result of individual differences in areas of the brain that process language.
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Having a learning disorder means that a child has difficulty in one or more areas of
learning, even when overall intelligence or motivation is not affected. Some of the symptoms of learning
disorders are. Difficulty telling right from left. Reversing letters, words, or numbers, after first or second
grade.
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Mental retardation is present in about 2 to 3 percent of the population. It can be defined
as cognitive ability that is markedly below average level and a decreased ability to adapt to one's
environment. The onset of the condition occurs during the developmental period, i.e., gestation through age 18
years.
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